A stroke happens when there's an interruption in the blood supply to a section of the brain, resulting in a deprivation of oxygen and vital nutrients to the brain cells, ultimately leading to their death.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), stroke ranks among the foremost global causes of death. Despite its preventable and treatable nature, a recent study suggests that strokes could result in almost 10 million annual fatalities by 2050.
In the event of a stroke, blood supply to a section of the brain is disrupted, giving rise to severe consequences. This interruption causes a deficiency in oxygen and vital nutrients reaching the brain cells, resulting in their demise.
Stroke poses significant health challenges to the body, and experts emphasize that addressing lifestyle factors is crucial to reducing the risk of experiencing a stroke.
In recent times, we've observed a connection between various lifestyle factors such as insufficient exercise, alcohol consumption, dietary choices, obesity, smoking, substance abuse, and stress, with an increased risk of stroke," noted Dr. Dhruv Zutshi, Senior Consultant in Neurology at Fortis Hospital.
Additional risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cardiac diseases, are also linked to an elevated risk of stroke.
Dr. Zutshi emphasized that smoking significantly raises the risk of stroke, doubling the likelihood compared to non-smokers or those who quit smoking for over a decade.
"Numerous studies indicate that for every 5-unit rise in BMI (Body Mass Index) above 25 kg/m2, overall mortality increases by 29%, vascular mortality by 41%, and diabetes-related mortality doubles. Over the past decade, there's emerging evidence connecting air pollution to heart disease, including stroke," shared Dr. Zutshi, highlighting additional lifestyle factors contributing to the heightened risk of stroke.
Dr. Tushar Raut, a Neurology Consultant at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital in Mumbai, highlighted lifestyle habits that elevate the risk of stroke.
Sedentary Lifestyle: The contemporary office setting often involves extended desk work, fostering a sedentary lifestyle. Prolonged periods of sitting without regular exercise can contribute to obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes, all heightening the risk of stroke.
Unhealthy Diet: Our dietary shift towards more fast food, processed meals, and high-sugar beverages adversely impacts health. Processed foods, high in salt, along with saturated and trans fats, contribute to elevated cholesterol and hypertension—significant risk factors for stroke.
Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption: The consumption of tobacco and excessive alcohol is linked to an increased stroke risk. Tobacco use narrows and damages blood vessels, while excessive alcohol intake can result in high blood pressure and irregular heart rhythms.
Elevated Stress Levels: Modern life often brings about heightened stress levels, stemming from work demands, financial strains, or personal difficulties. Persistent stress tends to foster unhealthy habits such as smoking and overeating, and it can also contribute to hypertension.
Sleep Deprivation: The prevalent hustle culture and the constant need for connectivity have resulted in widespread sleep deprivation. Inadequate sleep can lead to conditions like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease, all of which pose as risk factors for stroke.
Environmental Influences: Urbanization and industrialization have increased exposure to air pollution. Fine particulate matter from sources such as car exhaust and factories can induce inflammation in the body, heightening the risk of stroke.
Dr. Tushar Raut emphasized, "We should not disregard any warning signs and prioritize regular health check-ups. Early identification of conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure allows for effective management, control, and a reduction in the risk of stroke."
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